Clinical chemistry

The Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology (ISSN: 2161-0681) deals with research on infectious disorders associated with immune system and immunological disorders, infectious diseases, treatment of infectious diseases, infectious medicine, epidemiology, diagnostic tests of infectious diseases, infection control, pathophysiology, clinical pathology , preventive medicine. Clinical Pathology deals with patient care, diagnostic services, novel treatments and research on immune infections. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Pathology covers all areas of clinical and experimental pathology. Articles such as research papers, review articles, commentaries and short communications leading to the development of Journal of clinical and experimental pathology.

Clinical chemistry is also known as chemical pathology, clinical biochemistry or medical biochemistry is the area of chemistry that is generally concerned with analysis of bodily fluids for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It is an applied form of biochemistry (not to be confused with medicinal chemistry, which involves basic research for drug development).

The discipline originated in the late 19th century with the use of simple chemical reaction tests for various components of blood and urine. In the many decades since, other techniques have been applied as science and technology has advanced, including the use and measurement of enzyme activities, spectrophotometry, electrophoresis, and immunoassay. There are now many blood tests and clinical urine tests with extensive diagnostic capabilities.  Most current laboratories are now highly automated to accommodate the high workload typical of a hospital laboratory. Tests performed are closely monitored and quality controlled.

It uses chemical reactions to determine the levels of various chemical compounds in body fluids. Several simple chemical tests are used to detect and quantify different compounds in blood and urine, the most commonly tested specimens in clinical chemistry.

Diagnosis, identifying and abnormalities

Laboratory professionals produce accurate, sensitive and specific information using new age technologies to guide clinical decision making. It is the role of laboratory professionals to inform physicians about which tests have the highest effectiveness in given clinical conditions. Through this partnership, the overall cost of testing and patient care is controlled and the quality of care is improved.

Clinical Chemistry Tests

Clinical chemistry refers to the biochemical analysis of body fluids. It uses chemical reactions to determine the levels of various chemical compounds in bodily fluids. Several simple chemical tests are used to detect and quantify different compounds in blood and urine, the most commonly tested specimens in clinical chemistry.

Specimens tested in clinical analysis

Serum

Serum is the most common specimen tested - it is obtained by centrifugation of coagulated blood. Serum contains no blood cells or clotting factors but has electrolytes, hormones, antigens, antibodies, and other substances such as drugs, microbes, and proteins not used in coagulation.

Plasma

Plasma is obtained by centrifugation of uncoagulated blood. It contains blood cells, clotting factors, glucose, electrolytes (such as sodium, magnesium, calcium, and chloride), hormones, and proteins (such as albumins, fibrinogen, and globulins).

Urine

Clinical tests usually require a 24-hour urine collection. The collection container usually contains a preservative.

Key parameters tested and their significance

Carbohydrates

Glucose levels indicate the body’s efficiency in metabolizing glucose. Fasting and random glucose levels in blood help in the diagnosis of endocrinological disorders such as hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) and diabetes.

Lipids

Lipids are present in different forms as body fat, as part of cell membranes, and as sterols such as cholesterol. Lipid levels can help diagnose liver and heart disease in humans.

Enzymes

Measuring the levels of enzymes released by organs into the blood can indicate problems with the particular organ. Blood and urine tests that give abnormal results are usually repeated to make sure that there is no sample or lab error and are also followed up by more specialized clinical tests.

On the occasion of its 10 years, Successful Journey, Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology decided to provide a partial waiver on its article processing charges to promote quality research from across the nations of the globe to encourage the latest research in the field of Infections, Diseases and Medicine. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology also planning to release a special issue on its new approaches.

Regards,

Robert Solomon

Editorial office

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology

E-mail: pathol@eclinicalsci.com

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